Verb Movement in Kashmiri

Tensed clauses in Kashmiri are subject to the verb second constraint; the finite verbal element in these clauses always occurs in the second position, i.e. the position immediately following the first phrasal constituent. Like German however Kashmiri is argued to be underlyingly SOV. Evidence for underlying SOV word order comes primarily from environments where V2 does not apply such as non finite clauses. Cf. (1), (2).2 (1) ram ram drav leave+pst [shamas sham+as kitab book dith] give+PART ‘After giving the book to Sham, Ram left.’ (2) [tasInz his kAm work nI not karni do+PART kin’] because gav go+pst ram Ram shamas Sham+as naraz. angry ‘Ram was angry with Sham because Sham did not do his work.’ Other such environments include relative clauses and yithui-tithui ‘when-then’ clauses. These are especially interesting because in these clauses, no V2 takes place and so we get overt SOV order in a finite clause. Cf. (3): (3) [yus which larki boy rath yesterday yot here av] come+pst chu be+prs. myon my dost. friend ‘The boy who came here yesterday is my friend.’ Other circumstantial evidence for SOV i.e. V-final word order comes from the structure of noun phrases, which are head final in Kashmiri and the fact that Kashmiri has postpositions(or postpositional morphology). So one suspects V also to be head final. One major exception however is C which in Kashmiri is head initial.